Archimedes principle - Description & Facts - Eduauraa Blog
Archimedes Principle deals with the thrust force that was discovered and explained by Archimedes of Greece, a world-famous mathematician. Archimedes's principle says that when an object is immersed in a fluid, partially or entirely, the weight reduction is equivalent to the weight of the liquid displaced.
Archimedes Principle states that
“The upward buoyant force that is exerted on a body immersed in a fluid, whether partially or fully submerged, is equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces and acts in the upward direction at the center of mass of the displaced fluid”.
The thrust force is applied to an object by fluid.
This force decreases the weight of the object immersed in the liquid. The law enables us to understand how ships and boats float on water bodies.
Describe Archimedes Principle
Supposedly, a ball is immersed in a jar of water; two constant forces will manipulate the position of the ball.
The 'Thrust Force' pushes the ball upwards, and the 'Gravitational force' draws the ball downwards. If you look at such a sight, you will see the weight of the ball due to gravity is constantly in a clash with the thrust forced by the liquid (water in this case).
The gravitation force is empowered due to the liquid’s up-thrust strength. Here, the object’s actual weight seems to be reduced.
In that case, the apparent weight of the object is explained like
Apparent weight = Weight of the object (ball) in the air - The Thrust force (Buoyancy)
Archimedes' principle describes that the reduction of the object's weight is equivalent to the weight of the liquid displaced by the object. Supposedly, the object possesses a volume of B; it replaces the same volume B when the object is immersed in the liquid.
When the object is partially submerged, the object displaces only that volume of liquid.
Law of Buoyancy
The Law of Buoyancy is a discovery of Archimedes. Archimedes Principle is also known as the physical law of Buoyancy. The Law of Buoyancy says when you place an object in some liquid or gas, the object loses some weight.
When we are in the air, our weight decreases because of the replacement of air. In the case of liquid, the weight loss of the object is equivalent to the displaced fluid. According to the law, the buoyant force is how much weight an object loses in fluid or air.
Archimedes Principle formula
Archimedes Principle Formula says that the buoyant force on a body is similar to the weight of the fluid or air passed aside by the object.
Mathematically, Archimedes Principle Equation is written like,
Archimedes Principle Derivation
In this section, we will discuss Archimedes Principle Derivation in mathematical terms. The derivation implies the mass of the liquid or air displaced.
Mass = Density × Volume = p × V
P = Density
The density (p) is defined as,
Density, p = Mass/Volume = M/V
This way, the weight of the displaced fluid is like,
Weight = Mass × Acceleration due to Gravity
W = M × g = p × V × g
From Archimedes Principle, we can write:
The loss of weight of the object = weight of the fluid displaced = p × V × g
Therefore, the Thrust Force is,
Thrust = p × V × g
Here, ‘P’ stands for the density of the Liquid, and ‘V’ indicates the volume of liquid displaced.
Applications of Archimedes principle
In the previous subtopics, we have learned about the whereabouts of the Archimedes Principle. This segment will talk about a few applications of the Archimedes Principle.
Hydrometer
The hydrometer is used to scale the relative density of liquids. The instrument is made of lead shots. The lead shots enable the hydrometer to float vertically on the fluid. The lesser the density of the liquid becomes, the lower the hydrometer sinks.
Ship and Submarine
Archimedes' principle helps the submarines to remain underwater always due to the presence of the equipment named ballast tank. The ballast tank helps the water to allow the submarine to hold its position. The submarine can move underwater constantly, as the weight of the submarine is heavier than the buoyant force of the outside water body. Ships float on water with the same Archimedes principle.
Lactometer
Similarly, like the hydrometer, the lactometer works the same way. Lactometer has been created with Archimedes’ Law's guidance, where the equal force of the weight of the milk is displaced by the immersed portion of the suspended solids.
Likewise, the lesser the density will be, the hydrometer sinks more. Scientists have invented the lactometer to scale the purity level of milk.
Hot-air balloon
Hot-air balloons float and constantly soar up in the air with the power of buoyant force.
The buoyant force in the hot-air balloon is less powerful than the outside air. When the buoyant force in the balloon begins to get higher, the balloon starts to descend.
The variation of the quantity of hot air in the balloon manipulates the floating level of the balloon.
Archimedes Principle Examples:
The section will present to you an Example of Archimedes Principles through mathematical solutions.
Calculate the resulted force, if a tennis ball with 6 cm radium is immersed in an Aquarium.
Answer: Radius of a steel ball = 6 cm = 0.06 m
Volume of Steel ball, V =4/3 πr3
V = 4/3 π 0.063
V = 9.05 × 10-4 m3
Density of Pool water, p = 1000 kg.m-3
Acceleration of Gravitational Power, g= 9.8 m.s-2
Now applying Archimedes formula,
F b = p × g × V
F b = (1000 kg.m-3) (9.8 m.s-2) (9.05 × 10-4 m3)
F b = 8.87 N
To conclude,
The blog has discussed different aspects of Archimedes' Principles with applications and examples.
The blog has focused on the Law of Buoyancy, in particular, to convey the idea of Archimedes' formula with much clarity and better understanding.
Eduauraa is here to guide you with different mathematical and calculative theories. If you are a student, Eduauraa proves to be highly beneficial for you.
Hopefully, the blog will help you to understand Archimedes’ Principles with clarity.
