Electromagnetic Force

The electromagnetic force is the action between physically charged particles, and it combines all-electric and magnetic forces. The electromagnetic force is of two different types.

One is an attractive force, and another is a repulsive force. Electromagnetism is the primary reason behind an electron’s binding to the nucleus, and this force is fully responsible for the structuring of the nucleus.

This topic belongs to the physics portion of CBSE class 11 science.

This blog will study electromagnetism in a broad way to help the students.

What is electromagnetic force?

Electromagnetic force (known as Lorentz force) is basically the physical interaction between moving or stationary charged particles. Every moving or not moving charged particle belongs to the electric field but moving charged particle belongs to the magnetic field.

So the electromagnetic field creates the electromagnetic force, which is an action of moving charged particles.

The famous Einstein discovered his relativity theory by developing this electromagnetism concept.

The Electromagnetic force formula

The answer to how to calculate electromagnetic force is, the force applied on a charged particle (denoted by q) moves with velocity (denoted by v) through an electric field (denoted by E) and magnetic field (B). the entire electromagnetic force (knowns as Lorentz force, denoted by F) is explained in such a way f=q*E +q*v*B.

The discovery of an electromagnetic force

Many scientists thought that electric and magnetic forces are two different forces and perceived that these forces are not related to each other.

A Danish scientist named Hans Christian Oersted discovered that an electric current could create a magnetic field. In 1820, Oersted was explaining some concepts related to the electric and magnetic properties to his students.

He adjusted an electric wire to flow through a magnetic needle-based compass. After a certain point of time, he realized with the help of a student that the needle swung towards the electric wire. He was pretty surprised by this accidental discovery of electricity has the power to create a magnetic field.

Properties of electromagnetic force

This force follows inverse square law.
Attractive and repulsive are the two types of electromagnetic force.
Photon is the field particle of the electromagnetic force, and it is a long-range force.
This force is 10^36 times stronger than the gravitational force.
This is a central force as it creates an action along the line that joins two charged particles’ centers.
The force is conservative as it depends on the final position of charged particles.

What is an electromagnetic unit?

The force is measured in Newton's. The constant k has a value of 9*10^9Nm^2/C^2.The charge is measured in coulomb(C), and the equation has a positive value for repulsion and a negative value for attraction. The fundamental SI unit of electric current is Ampere. Resistance is measured in OHM.

The inventions of electromagnetic force

Electricity
Electromagnet
Alternative current
Transformer
Eddy current
Electric machine
DC motor
Eddy current brake

Natural Source of the electromagnetic field

The voltage difference creates electric fields. The higher voltage will create a stronger field. Electric current flows create magnetic fields. Thunderstorm produces electric charges, and Earth's magnetic field produces magnetic power used to navigate birds, fish, human beings in the right direction.

Human-made electromagnetic fields are X-ray machines, TV antennas, mobile devices.

Effect of electromagnetic field

The modern world is heavily dependent on the human-made use of electromagnetic fields.

The chemical reaction in human bodies also creates some natural small electric currents. The nerves send signals through electric transmission as well. The digestion of brain activities occurs in the body through the charged particles.

Heating is the primary effect of electromagnetic fields. Low-frequency exposure to electric fields does not cause any health hazards. But people should be careful about not being exposed to higher frequency electromagnetic devices.

Such as very much use of mobile phones, TV, radars, a microwave oven is causing health problems.